The synthesis of PolyDADMAC (Polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride) involves the polymerization of diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC). The general process is a free-radical initiated aqueous solution polymerization. Here's a simplified outline of the manufacturing process:
1.Initiation:
A suitable initiator, often a water-soluble azo compound or redox initiator system (e.g., ammonium persulfate and tetramethylethylenediamine), is used to start the polymerization reaction by generating free radicals under controlled conditions.
2. Monomer Preparation:
DADMAC monomer is dissolved in water at an appropriate concentration, typically under agitation and at a specific temperature.
3. Polymerization:
The initiator is added to the monomer solution, triggering the polymerization process. The double bonds on the DADMAC molecules react with the free radicals to form long polymer chains.
4. Controlled Reaction Conditions:
The reaction temperature, pH, and other parameters are carefully controlled throughout the process to ensure the desired molecular weight and degree of polymerization.
5. Termination:
When the desired molecular weight or conversion rate is reached, the polymerization reaction is terminated by cooling the mixture or adding a terminator.
6. Product Recovery:
The resulting polymeric solution is then concentrated and purified, usually through processes such as filtration, centrifugation, or precipitation to remove unreacted monomers and byproducts.
7. Formulation:
Finally, the purified PolyDADMAC is formulated into the desired product form, which can be as a liquid concentrate or solidified by drying, depending on its intended application.
Please note that this is a simplified explanation and actual industrial-scale production involves additional safety measures, precise chemical engineering controls, and quality control checks.